Varicella (Chicken Pox)

The Disease

Varicella (Chickenpox) is an acute viral disease caused by the Varicella virus. Chickenpox is generally a mild disease in children with a generalised vesicular rash and fever. Complications can occur, such as secondary skin infections, pneumonia and encephalitis. Adults are at higher risk of more serious disease and complications. Reactivation of the virus in nerve endings in later life can result in herpes zoster, commonly known as Shingles.

Where is it found?

Chickenpox is endemic in all countries.

Risk to travellers

For travellers, the risk of Chickenpox could be as high in developed countries as in developing ones. Few countries routinely use the vaccine, but coverage is increasing. Non-immune adults and children should consider vaccination, especially those planning extended stays or extensive travel.

Vaccination

Type:

• Live, attenuated virus vaccine.

Standard Schedule:

• 1 dose for children under 12 years.
• 2 doses 1-2 months apart for persons over 12 years.

Level of protection:

• Vaccine efficacy is estimated to be 90% against infection and 95% against severe infection.

Possible side effects:

• Pain and swelling at site of infection.
• Mild, chickenpox-like rash in 5% of recipients (usually fewer than 5 lesions).
• Fever in 10%.

NB - As with all vaccines, there is a small risk of allergic reaction.

Travelvax will provide extensive advice on Varicella and other travel-related health risks during your pre-travel consultation. Call 1300 360 164 for the location of your nearest Travelvax clinic.